27017,27018 - Pentesting MongoDB - HackTricks

# 27017,27018 - Pentesting MongoDB

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## Basic Information

MongoDB is an open source database management system that uses a document-oriented database model to handle diverse forms of data. It offers flexibility and scalability for managing unstructured or semi-structured data in applications like big data analytics and content management. Default port: 27017, 27018

    PORT      STATE SERVICE VERSION
    27017/tcp open  mongodb MongoDB 2.6.9 2.6.9

## Enumeration

### Manual

    from pymongo import MongoClient
    client = MongoClient(host, port, username=username, password=password)
    client.server_info() #Basic info
    #If you have admin access you can obtain more info
    admin = client.admin
    admin_info = admin.command("serverStatus")
    cursor = client.list_databases()
    for db in cursor:
        print(db)
        print(client[db["name"]].list_collection_names())
    #If admin access, you could dump the database also

Some MongoDB commnads:

    show dbs
    use <db>
    show collections
    db.<collection>.find()  #Dump the collection
    db.<collection>.count() #Number of records of the collection
    db.current.find({"username":"admin"})  #Find in current db the username admin

### Automatic

    nmap -sV --script "mongo* and default" -p 27017 <IP> #By default all the nmap mongo enumerate scripts are used

### Shodan

- All mongodb: `"mongodb server information"`
- Search for full open mongodb servers: `"mongodb server information" -"partially enabled"`
- Only partially enable auth: `"mongodb server information" "partially enabled"`

## Login

By default mongo does not require password.
Admin is a common mongo database.

    mongo <HOST>
    mongo <HOST>:<PORT>
    mongo <HOST>:<PORT>/<DB>
    mongo <database> -u <username> -p '<password>'

The nmap script: mongodb-brute will check if creds are needed.

    nmap -n -sV --script mongodb-brute -p 27017 <ip>

### Brute force

Look inside /opt/bitnami/mongodb/mongodb.conf to know if credentials are needed:

    grep "noauth.*true" /opt/bitnami/mongodb/mongodb.conf | grep -v "^#" #Not needed
    grep "auth.*true" /opt/bitnami/mongodb/mongodb.conf | grep -v "^#\|noauth" #Not needed

## Mongo Objectid Predict

Example from here.

Mongo Object IDs are 12-byte hexadecimal strings:

For example, here’s how we can dissect an actual Object ID returned by an application: 5f2459ac9fa6dc2500314019

1. 5f2459ac: 1596217772 in decimal = Friday, 31 July 2020 17:49:32
2. 9fa6dc: Machine Identifier
3. 2500: Process ID
4. 314019: An incremental counter

Of the above elements, machine identifier will remain the same for as long as the database is running the same physical/virtual machine. Process ID will only change if the MongoDB process is restarted. Timestamp will be updated every second. The only challenge in guessing Object IDs by simply incrementing the counter and timestamp values, is the fact that Mongo DB generates Object IDs and assigns Object IDs at a system level.

The tool https://github.com/andresriancho/mongo-objectid-predict, given a starting Object ID (you can create an account and get a starting ID), it sends back about 1000 probable Object IDs that could have possibly been assigned to the next objects, so you just need to bruteforce them.

## Post

If you are root you can modify the mongodb.conf file so no credentials are needed (noauth = true) and login without credentials.

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> Support HackTricks
> - Check the subscription plans!
> - Join the 💬 Discord group or the telegram group or follow us on Twitter 🐦 @hacktricks_live.
> - Share hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the HackTricks and HackTricks Cloud github repos.